SSS Triangle Calculator

Solve any triangle from three sides using the Law of Cosines and Heron's formula. Computes all angles, area, perimeter, heights, medians, inradius, and circumradius.

About the SSS Triangle Calculator

<p>The <strong>SSS Triangle Calculator</strong> fully solves any triangle when all three side lengths are known. This is the most common real-world scenario — you can measure all three sides of a plot of land, a structural beam triangle, or a geometry homework problem, and this tool will derive every other property. The only requirement is that the three sides satisfy the <em>triangle inequality</em>: the sum of any two sides must be greater than the third.</p>

<p>The calculation proceeds in two stages. First, the <strong>Law of Cosines</strong> determines each angle: <em>A = arccos((b² + c² − a²) / (2bc))</em>, and similarly for B and C. Second, <strong>Heron's formula</strong> gives the area from the semi-perimeter: <em>Area = √(s(s−a)(s−b)(s−c))</em> where <em>s = (a + b + c) / 2</em>.</p>

<p>Beyond angles and area, this calculator also provides the <strong>three altitudes</strong> (h_a = 2·Area / a), the <strong>three medians</strong>, the <strong>inradius</strong> (radius of the inscribed circle, r = Area / s), and the <strong>circumradius</strong> (radius of the circumscribed circle, R = abc / (4·Area)). Visual bars compare the sides, angles, and heights, and a reference table lists common triangles for quick comparison. Ideal for students, surveyors, engineers, and programmers who need precise triangle computations.</p>

Why Use This SSS Triangle Calculator?

When all three sides are known, an SSS solver should do more than confirm the triangle exists. This calculator turns those side lengths into a full geometric profile: all three angles, area, perimeter, altitudes, medians, inradius, and circumradius. That makes it useful not only for geometry assignments, but also for land measurement, fabrication layouts, and any triangle problem where you can measure edges directly but still need the hidden angles and derived dimensions.

How to Use This Calculator

  1. Enter the three side lengths a, b, and c.
  2. The calculator checks the triangle inequality automatically.
  3. View all computed angles, area, perimeter, heights, medians, and radii.
  4. Use preset buttons to load famous triangles (3-4-5, equilateral, etc.).
  5. Explore the visual bars to compare sides, angles, and heights.
  6. Refer to the reference table for common triangle configurations.

Formula

<p><strong>Law of Cosines:</strong> A = arccos((b² + c² − a²) / (2bc))</p> <p><strong>Heron's formula:</strong> Area = √(s(s−a)(s−b)(s−c)), where s = (a+b+c)/2</p> <p><strong>Altitude:</strong> h_a = 2 · Area / a</p> <p><strong>Inradius:</strong> r = Area / s</p> <p><strong>Circumradius:</strong> R = abc / (4 · Area)</p> <p><strong>Median:</strong> m_a = ½√(2b² + 2c² − a²)</p>

Example Calculation

Result: Right scalene triangle with area 6 and angles about 36.87°, 53.13°, and 90°.

<p>Use side lengths <strong>3</strong>, <strong>4</strong>, and <strong>5</strong> in the three input boxes.</p><ul><li>The triangle inequality passes because 3 + 4 &gt; 5</li><li>Semi-perimeter s = (3 + 4 + 5) / 2 = <strong>6</strong></li><li>Heron's formula gives area = √(6 × 3 × 2 × 1) = <strong>6</strong></li><li>Law of Cosines gives angles ≈ <strong>36.87°</strong>, <strong>53.13°</strong>, and <strong>90°</strong></li></ul><p>This classic 3-4-5 input is a quick way to verify that the calculator correctly identifies a right triangle and computes the matching derived measurements.</p>

Tips & Best Practices

Why SSS Gives A Unique Triangle

If three positive side lengths satisfy the triangle inequality, they determine exactly one triangle up to congruence. That is what makes SSS such a dependable setup. There is no ambiguity about the shape once the three sides are fixed. The only real failure case is invalid input, such as 1, 2, and 5, where the two shorter sides cannot span the longest edge.

This calculator checks that condition first. If the side lengths do form a real triangle, the rest of the geometry follows from those three numbers alone.

From Three Sides To Every Angle And Area

The Law of Cosines converts side lengths into angles. For angle A, use A = arccos((b² + c² − a²) / 2bc), and rotate the letters for B and C. Once the angles are known, the triangle is fully solved. Heron's formula then gives the area directly from the sides: Area = √(s(s − a)(s − b)(s − c)), where s is the semi-perimeter.

For the 3-4-5 example, s = 6 and the area is 6 square units. The same triangle produces angles of about 36.87°, 53.13°, and 90°, confirming it is a right triangle. This is why SSS is so useful in field measurements: you can recover the hidden angles without ever measuring them directly.

What The Extra Outputs Tell You

After solving the basic triangle, the derived measurements become the practical part. Altitudes tell you the perpendicular heights relative to each side. Medians show the distances from vertices to opposite side midpoints. The inradius is useful for inscribed circles and packing problems, while the circumradius is useful when the triangle must fit on a common circle.

Seeing all of those values together helps you compare triangles that may have similar perimeters but very different shapes. That is especially helpful in design layouts, land subdivision sketches, and geometry checks where you need more than just one area value.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the SSS condition?

SSS means all three sides of a triangle are known. Given three valid side lengths, exactly one triangle is determined (up to congruence).

What is the triangle inequality?

The sum of any two sides must be strictly greater than the third side: a + b > c, a + c > b, and b + c > a. Use this as a practical reminder before finalizing the result.

How do you find angles from three sides?

Use the Law of Cosines: A = arccos((b² + c² − a²) / (2bc)), and similarly for B and C. Keep this note short and outcome-focused for reuse.

What is Heron's formula?

A formula for the area of a triangle given three sides: Area = √(s(s−a)(s−b)(s−c)), where s is the semi-perimeter. Apply this check where your workflow is most sensitive.

What is the inradius?

The radius of the largest circle that fits inside the triangle, tangent to all three sides. Computed as r = Area / s.

What is the circumradius?

The radius of the circle passing through all three vertices. Computed as R = abc / (4 · Area).

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