Growing Annuity Calculator

Calculate the present and future value of a growing annuity with payments that increase at a constant rate. Includes payment schedule and growing perpetuity value.

About the Growing Annuity Calculator

A growing annuity is a series of periodic payments that increase at a constant rate over a finite number of periods. Unlike a regular annuity where payments stay flat, a growing annuity reflects real-world scenarios like salary increases, rent escalations, or dividend growth. It is the right model whenever the payment stream itself is changing instead of remaining fixed.

The present value tells you the lump sum equivalent today of the entire future payment stream, while the future value shows what those payments compound to at the end. When payments grow indefinitely, it becomes a growing perpetuity — the foundation of the Gordon Growth Model used to value stocks. That makes the calculator relevant both for personal finance questions and for valuation work that extends beyond one contract or lease.

This calculator handles both ordinary (end-of-period) and annuity-due (beginning-of-period) timing, and includes a full payment schedule showing each period's payment, discount factor, and present value contribution. The growing perpetuity value is also shown as a reference for infinite-horizon valuation. The output is most useful when you want to compare a growing stream to a lump sum or determine how much future income is worth in today's dollars.

Why Use This Growing Annuity Calculator?

Use this calculator when the cash flow you are valuing grows over time, such as rent escalations, annual raises, tuition increases, or dividend streams. It is the cleanest way to compare a changing payment schedule against a fixed-rate discount rate without flattening the growth away. It also helps when you need to translate a growing stream into a present value that can be compared with a buyout offer, a contract renewal, or another asset with a different payment pattern.

How to Use This Calculator

  1. Enter the first payment amount in the series.
  2. Set the payment growth rate (e.g., 3% annual raises).
  3. Set the discount or required rate of return.
  4. Enter the number of periods (years).
  5. Choose whether payments occur at the beginning or end of each period.
  6. Review PV, FV, total payments, and the detailed schedule.

Formula

PV = PMT × [1 − ((1+g)/(1+r))^n] / (r − g) (when r ≠ g) PV = PMT × n / (1+r) (when r = g) FV = PV × (1+r)^n Growing Perpetuity PV = PMT / (r − g) (when r > g)

Example Calculation

Result: PV ≈ $889,695

A $50,000 first payment growing at 3% per year over 30 years, discounted at 7%, has a present value of about $889,695. The last payment would grow to roughly $118,000.

Tips & Best Practices

Why Growth Changes Valuation

A flat annuity assumes every payment is the same. That can materially understate value when the stream grows each year, which is why growing annuities show up in salary analysis, lease escalations, royalty deals, and dividend planning.

The Key Relationship

The spread between discount rate and growth rate drives the result. If the discount rate is only slightly above growth, distant payments remain meaningful and present value rises sharply. If discounting dominates growth, later payments contribute much less.

Practical Caution

Long horizons can make small assumptions about growth look more certain than they really are. Use a conservative growth rate and check sensitivity if the valuation will influence an investment decision or a buyout negotiation.

Frequently Asked Questions

What happens when the growth rate equals the discount rate?

The standard formula has a denominator of (r−g), which would be zero. The calculator uses the special-case formula PV = PMT × n/(1+r) instead.

What is the difference between a growing annuity and a growing perpetuity?

A growing annuity has a finite number of periods. A growing perpetuity continues forever, and its PV = PMT/(r−g) only exists when r > g, so the horizon changes the valuation method.

Can this value a salary stream?

Yes. Enter your current salary as the first payment, expected raise rate as growth, and your opportunity cost of capital as the discount rate. That turns a raise schedule into a present-value figure you can compare to another job or offer.

What discount rate should I use?

Use your required rate of return, WACC, or opportunity cost. For personal finance, 6-8% is common, but the right answer is the rate that reflects your actual alternative.

How does annuity due differ from ordinary?

Annuity-due payments occur at the start of each period, making each payment worth more in present value terms. PV(due) = PV(ordinary) × (1+r), so the timing shift is small but important.

Can the growth rate be negative?

Yes. A negative growth rate models shrinking payments, which usually reduces present value relative to a flat annuity with the same first payment. The formula still works as long as the discount-rate assumptions remain valid.

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