Calculate enterprise value (EV) from market cap, debt, and cash. Compute EV/EBITDA, EV/Revenue multiples and compare against sector benchmarks.
Enterprise Value (EV) represents the total cost of acquiring a company — what a buyer would pay to take over the entire business, including its debt and net of its cash. It is a more comprehensive measure of a company's value than market capitalization alone.
While market cap only reflects the equity portion, EV captures the full capital structure: equity holders, debt holders, preferred shareholders, and minority interests, minus cash that would net against the purchase price. This makes EV essential for comparing companies with different capital structures.
This calculator computes EV from its components, derives key valuation multiples (EV/EBITDA and EV/Revenue), and provides sector benchmarks for comparison. The composition visualization shows how much of the enterprise value comes from each component, highlighting whether the company is cash-rich or heavily leveraged. Check the example with realistic values before reporting. Use the steps shown to verify rounding and units. Cross-check this output using a known reference case.
EV is the standard metric for M&A analysis and valuation comparisons. Using market cap alone is misleading when comparing a cash-rich company with a heavily indebted one. This calculator gives you the complete picture instantly and benchmarks it against industry norms. It is the cleaner starting point whenever debt and cash materially change the acquisition story.
EV = Market Cap + Total Debt − Cash + Preferred Stock + Minority Interest Net Debt = Total Debt − Cash EV/EBITDA = Enterprise Value / EBITDA EV/Revenue = Enterprise Value / Revenue
Result: EV = $52 billion, EV/EBITDA = 4.3×
Market cap of $50B plus $10B debt minus $8B cash equals an enterprise value of $52B. With EBITDA of $12B, the EV/EBITDA multiple is 4.3×, suggesting a relatively cheap valuation.
Enterprise value works because it treats debt as part of the purchase price and cash as an offset. That makes the number more useful than market cap when capital structure is uneven. When comparing companies, make sure the debt and cash figures are from the same reporting date.
EV/EBITDA and EV/Revenue are comparison tools, not absolute verdicts. A company can look cheap on one multiple and expensive on another depending on margins, growth, or industry structure. Use the ratio that best matches the stage and sector of the business.
If you were buying the whole company, enterprise value is the closer estimate of what you would actually take on. That is why investors, bankers, and M&A teams prefer EV when they need a full-business valuation lens.
Cash reduces the net cost of acquisition. If you buy a company for its market cap and assume its debts, the cash on hand effectively reduces what you paid. That is why cash sits on the opposite side of the formula.
It varies by sector. Below 10× is generally considered cheap, 10-15× is moderate, and above 20× is expensive. Tech companies often trade at higher multiples. The industry context matters more than one universal cutoff.
Market cap only values equity. EV values the entire business including debt. Two companies with the same market cap but different debt levels have very different EVs. EV is the broader acquisition lens.
Use EV/Revenue for pre-profit companies or when comparing across industries with different margin structures. EV/EBITDA is preferred when comparing established, profitable companies. The right multiple depends on the business stage.
It represents the portion of subsidiaries not owned by the parent company. It is included in EV because the parent company's consolidated financials include the full subsidiary performance.
Yes, if cash exceeds market cap plus debt. This is rare and usually signals a company trading below its liquidation value. It is more of a balance-sheet edge case than a normal market condition.